Citing Sources: APA, MLA & Chicago Styles

Formatting your works cited page

List materials cited in the human body of this paper when you look at the “Works Cited” part located at the conclusion of this paper. Organize recommendations alphabetically. Begin each entry with an indent that is hanging and make use of double spacing, similar to this:

Ellison, Ralph. Hidden Man. Random Home, 2002.

Gateward, Frances K., and John Jennings, editors. The Blacker the Ink: Constructions of Ebony Identity in Comics and Sequential Art. Rutgers UP, 2015.

If you have no publication date or web page numbers, leave it away. Use “U” to abbreviate University and “P” to abbreviate Press. Add all information essential for somebody else to obtain the exact same resource.

Formatting writer names

Provide names when you look at the order that is same regarding the name web page. Reverse the title of this author that is first i.e., Lastname, Firstname Middleinitial. Record a 2nd name in normal type. For sources with 3+ authors, list the initial writer and et al.

1 writer	Ward, Jesmyn.
2 writers	Smith, Tina M., and Erica Hemming.
3+ writers	Wu, Ted, et al.
No writer supplied	start the citation aided by the document name

Your citations might consist of some, not all, associated with components of the templates we offer below.

Author’s Name. Title of Book. City of Publication, Publisher, Publication Date.

Saunders, George. Pastoralia: Stories. Nyc, Riverhead Books, 2000.

E-book

Author’s Name. Title of Book. Publisher, Publication Date. Title of Database or Web Site, URL/DOI.

Crank, John P. Understanding Police Heritage. Routledge, 2004. ProQuest Ebook Central, ebookcentral.action?doc > that is.proquest.com/lib/johnjay-ebooks/detail

• MLA advises like the Address included in the location. (then don’t. in the event your teacher asks you never to are the URL,) make use of the permalink choice if an individual is provided. Don’t through the http:// within the Address.
• If the origin includes a DOI, consist of it as opposed to the Address.

Edited collection

Editor’s Name, editor. Title of Book. Publisher, Publication Date. Title of Database or Web Site, URL/DOI.

Henstock, Shari, editor. The Self that is private of Women’s Autobiographical Writings. U of New York P, 1988.

*This example is actually for a printing guide, which may not need a database name or URL/DOI.

Book with translator or any other contributors

Author’s Name. Title of Book. Translated by Translator’s Name, Publisher, Publication Date. Title of Database or Web Site, URL/DOI.

Anwar, Raja. The Tragedy of Afghanistan: A First-hand Account. Translated by Khalid Hassan, Verso, 1988.

*This instance is website builder tools for a printing guide, which will n’t have a database name or URL/DOI.

Chapter, essay, poem, or story that is short a modified book

Author’s Name. “Title of Chapter/Essay/Poem/Short tale.” Title of Anthology, modified by Editor’s Name, Publisher, Publication Date, Inclusive Pages. Title of Database or Site, URL/DOI.

More, Hannah. “The Ebony Slave Trade: A Poem.” British Women Poets associated with Romantic Era, modified by Paula R. Feldman, Johns Hopkins UP, 1997, pp. 472-82.

*This instance is for a printing guide, which will not need a database name or URL/DOI.

Journal articles

Author’s Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal, vol. Volume quantity, no. Issue Quantity, Publication Date, pp. Pages. Title of Database or Site, URL/DOI.

Ohsfeldt, Robert L., et al. “Simplifying the Assessment of Rural crisis healthcare provider Trauma Transport.” Health care bills, vol. 34, no. 11, Nov. 1996, pp. 1085–1092. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3766563.

• MLA advises such as the Address within the location, if it’s an online log article. (If for example the instructor asks you never to are the Address, then don’t.) utilize the permalink choice if an individual is offered. Don’t range from the http:// included in the Address.
• If a DOI is had by the source, consist of it rather than the Address.

Newspaper articles

Author’s Name. “Title of Article.” Newspaper Title, Publication Date, Edition, Pages. Title of Database or Site, URL/DOI.

Kolata, Gina. “The Link Between Your test that is genetic are. But That May Change.” The brand new York occasions, 16 Oct. 2018, www.nytimes.com/2018/10/16/health/genetic-testing-mutations.html. Accessed 30 Dec. 2018.

On line guide work

Guide works consist of dictionaries and encyclopedias.

Author’s Name. “Article Title.” Encyclopedia/Dictionary Title, modified by Editor Names, vol. Volume Number, Publisher, Publication Date. Title of Database, URL/DOI.

Moskowitz, Gordon B. “Assimilation Procedures.” Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, modified by Roy F. Baumeister and Kathleen D. Vohs, vol. 1, SAGE Publications, 2007. Gale Virtual Reference Library, doi:10.4135/9781412956253.n29.

Magazine article

Author’s Name. “Title of Article.” Magazine Title, Publication Date, Pages. Title of Database or Web Site, URL/DOI.

Tyre, Peg. “Standardized Tests in College?” Newsweek, 16 Nov. 2007, www.newsweek.com/standardized-tests-college-96211.

Author’s Name. “Title of Web Site.” Title of Web Site, Sponsoring Organization, Publication Date, Address. Accessed Date.

Grush, Loren. “The release of Four Rogue Satellites Made Waves when you look at the Spaceflight business.” The Verge, 16 Oct. 2018, www.theverge.com/2018/10/16/17979412/rogue-satellites-danger-risk-orbit-space. Accessed 12 Nov 2018.

Citing internet sources:

• If you have no discernible writer, start the citation utilizing the web site name. If you’re citing the whole site (not only a typical page), cite only the title that is website. In the event that organization or publisher is equivalent to the internet site name, then only list it when.
• MLA suggests like the Address within the location. (then don’t. in the event the teacher asks you not to ever through the URL,) Don’t range from the http:// included in the Address.
• Through the date of access by the end of the citation if you have no publication date or if you believe it will be useful to your visitors.

Creator’s Name. “Title of Clip.” Host Site, Sponsoring Organization, Publication Date, URL. Accessed Date.

Nationwide Aeronautics and Area Management. “Orion Soars on First Flight Test.” YouTube, 2014, www.youtube.com/watch?v=UEuOpxOrA_0. Accessed 20 Dec. 2018.

Citing a video clip:

• If the author’s name is equivalent to the publisher or organization, only cite the writer as soon as. In the event that writer is significantly diffent from the one who uploaded the video clip, cite the author’s title before the name.
• Don’t range from the http:// included in the Address.

Appropriate sources

Cite the version of the foundation you consult, including site information if relevant. Italicize party names of court instances. A few examples:

Court situation

Usa Supreme Court. Brown v. Board of Education. 17 May 1954. Legal Suggestions Institute, Cornell U Law School, www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/347/483.

Constitution

The Constitution regarding the united states of america: A Transcription. National Archives, United States nationwide Archives and Records management, www.archives.gov/founding-docs/constitution-transcript. Accessed 28 Feb. 2018.

Citing sources in your body

You might include outside sources into your paper by quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing.

Quoting

If you’re quoting directly from the text, cite it by placing the author’s last title as well as the web page quantity in parentheses. Usually do not split up the given information with a comma. For quick quote (a maximum of 4 lines), begin and end with dual quote markings. Examples:

The supporters of bilingual training programs “consistently compared any efforts” to reform it (Rodriguez 151).

Relating to Gregory Rodriguez, among the major issues of bilingual training needed to complete because of the proven fact that “the bilingual training lobbyists were less focused on making certain it had been benefiting the youngsters it served” (151).

Long quotations (a lot more than 4 lines) have been in a block without any quote markings, and indented 0.5” through the margin that is left. Are the in-text citation at the conclusion for the block.

Paraphrasing and summarizing

Paraphrasing means restating another person’s concept in your personal words. Summarizing means utilizing your very very very own terms to report the essence for the passage with less terms compared to the initial source uses. Each paraphrase and summary needs to be documented utilizing the author’s name that is last web web page number(s). Place quote markings for term expressions which you cannot replace along with your words that are own. Example:

Based on Zapf and Jung, unlawful duty may be examined by discussing information through the defendant’s interview and forensic test outcomes (340).

Formatting citations that are in-text